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Elementary

  • Educator Digital Assets
    Explore the Exploratorium's Digital Assets.They have collected and digitized museum materials related to interactive exhibits and scientific phenomena, including images, educational activities, and other exhibit-related resources. You will be able to search, select and download digital files for educational use.
  • Ilovelanguages.com
    iLoveLanguages is a comprehensive catalog of language-related Internet resources. The more than 2400 links at iLoveLanguages have been hand-reviewed to bring you the best language links the Web has to offer.
  • AbilityHub: Assistive Technology Solutions
    AbilityHub: Assistive Technology Solutions. Assistive technology is for people with disabilities who find it difficult to operate a computer.
  • allmath.com
    Math Links to games, tutorials, lesson plans worksheets etc. Math games, flash cards, a math glossary, metric conversion tools, and biographies of notable math-related people are presented in a useful, interactive format designed primarily for children.
  • Archimedes' Laboratory
    Inspired by the work methods of scientist Archimedes, this online companion to the print magazine of the same name provides a virtual lab of geometric puzzles to make and solve, games, mazes, and optical illusions. Appropriate for children and adults.
  • Crosspoint Anti Racism
    Crosspoint Anti RacismAn international, searchable collection of briefly annotated links covering such topics as anti-racism/anti-fascism, migrants, anti-Semitism/Shoah, migrants/diversity, indigenous people, Jewish resources/Shoah, human rights/refugees, disability resources, Roma/Sinti/Travellers, gays & lesbians, and women's rights. Can be browsed by country or by topic.
  • Developing Goal-Based Scenarios for Web Education
    Developing effective public education sites for the World Wide Web requires an understanding of both learning theories and what appeals to leisure learners. Research indicates that active learning modes are most effective, but leisure learners prefer passive entertainment experiences instead of more demanding interactive experiences.
  • Exploratoirum, Journey to Mars
    Spirit and Opportunity, the twin Mars Exploration Rovers, are speeding toward their January rendezvous with the red planet. For the latest information about their progress, and to see what should be the greatest images of Mars ever taken, the Exploratorium is the place to be.
  • Games Kids Play
    Games Kids Play. Contributed by users, the rules for games include hide and seek, dodgeball, and hopscotch, as well as jump rope rhymes and variations of jacks and marbles.
  • Google Image Search
    GoogleAnother coup for Google. They've hit the Web with the best image search engine.
  • InfoUse's Plane Math
    PlaneMath, is a way for you to learn cool things about math and aeronautics on the Internet! The main content is in Activities for Students. Each activity in Applying Flying includes the Lesson; Meet Me, which presents an individual involved in similar real life situations; a Group activity; and Teachers and Parents, which reviews the NCTM Math Standards, objectives, a list of materials needed, and suggestions for related problems.
  • International Reading Association: Choices Booklists
    Each year "thousands of children, young adults, teachers, and librarians select their favorite recently published books to be included in the Choices annotated booklists" published by the International Reading Association and the Children's Book Council. These annotated lists include Children's Choices, Teachers' Choices, and Young Adults' Choices.
  • Medieval Woodcuts Clipart Collection
    Medieval Woodcuts Clipart Collection"A collection of Medieval clipart culled from various period sources, most notably woodcuts of the 15th & 16th centuries." Browsable by subject (animals and creatures, biblical scenes and figures, decorative borders and initials, human figures, and plants).
  • Musee
    Free registration is required to access much of the site information and directory listings of 37,000 museums around the world including art, science, history, zoos, archaeology, aquariums, and more. The site features current exhibits, education, entertainment, archive reviews, and shopping links.
  • National Center for Learning Disabilities
    National Center for Learning DisabilitiesThe NCLD Web site provides facts, news, resources, and links for persons with learning disabilities and their families. Extensive information on issues such as LD evaluation, legislation, outreach and educational programs, public policy, and legal rights for the learning disabled.
  • NewsCenter: Up to the Minute News Resources
    Links for major wire services, one-stop shops, search for news, U.S. news, business news, international news, technology, entertainment, and more.
  • Resources for Distance Learning Library Services
    Guidelines, discussion groups, conferences, mailing lists, selected readings, a selection of representative distance education Web sites, and related links. By Cynthia W.
  • The Artist's Toolkit: Visual elements and principles
    The Artist's Toolkit: Visual elements and principlesMinneapolis Institute of Arts & Walker Art CenterArtists use visual elements and principles like line, color and shape as tools to build works of art. Learn about these concepts with animated movies, create-a-composition activites, videos of professional artists in action, and an in-depth encyclopedia.
  • The Astronomy Cafe
    An educational and professional resource in astronomy, calling itself "The web site for the astronomically disadvantaged." Includes descriptive articles, links, FAQs, an "Ask the Astronomer" archive of commonly asked astronomy questions, and more. Maintained by a research astronomer.
  • The Guide to History of Medicine Resources on the Internet
    This annotated directory of Web sites includes such topics as biographies of physicians and scientists, specific diseases, phrenology, witchcraft, smallpox-infected blankets, 4,000 years of women in science, and Islamic medical arts. It also has a timeline of medical history.
  • Virginia Historical Society (VHS)
    This organization, founded in 1831, had Chief Justice John Marshall and former president James Madison as founding members. The site provides information about current and past exhibits on topics such as Patrick Henry, car racing and rodding in Virginia, and "The Story of Virginia, an American Experience Long-term exhibition ..
  • A Guide to Developing a Severe Weather Emergency Plan for Schools
    This guide has been designed for schools, but it can be used by people who work in businesses, shopping malls, depots, hotels and hospitals.
  • A Jazz Improvisation Primer
    A Jazz Improvisation Primer "Here you can find information on almost any topic relating to jazz improvisation, from jazz history to music theory to practical advice on playing in a group." Includes annotated bibliography and discography. Online version of text written by Marc Sabatella.
  • Activeclassroom
    ActiveClassroom is a web-based classroom management and curriculum delivery system that closes the gap between school and home. It provides teachers with the ability to incorporate web-based resources affiliated with adopted textbooks, state testing guidelines or other educational sites directly to their individual classrooms.
  • Africa Photos from the California Academy of Sciences
    Nearly 700 images of "African animals, plants, landscapes, and people/culture." Searchable by name, type, country, location, and photographer. A part of CalPhotos, from the Digital Library Project, University of California, Berkeley.
  • American Memory Project
    American Memory is a gateway to rich primary source materials relating to the history and culture of the United States. From the U.S.
  • An Overview of Reading Comprehension Instruction, Past and Present
    This PowerPoint presentation on comprehension instruction is one of a series of presentations and workshops for teachers produced by Literacy Leaders as part of NREA coursework (Note: these workshops are copyrighted by NREA and the authors. You are welcome to use/adapt them to your school under two conditions: a) that you give credit to the author, and b) that you return a copy of improved/adapted versions of the workshop to the NREA in care of Joan Taylor ([email protected]).
  • Analyze Technology Needs
    Educators will need to take action on three fronts, which include defining what it means to be educated in a digital, knowledge-based society, transforming schools into high-performance learning organizations responsive to this new definition, and establishing new measures for assessing student progress.
  • Applying Big6 Skills, Information Literacy Standards and ISTE Nets to Internet Research
    Applying Big6 Skills, Information Literacy Standardsand ISTE NETS to Internet Research. Correlate Mike Eisenberg's and Bob Berkowitz' Big6 Skills with the national Information Literacy Standards developed by the American Association of School Librarians (AASL) and Association for Educational and Communications Technology (AECT) and the National Educational Technology Standards for Students (NETS) to organize an introduction to research on the Internet.
  • Archaeology Exhibits
    A wide range of information about archaeology. General Archaeology contains a timeline of its development in the U.S.; an overview of the laws for the U.S., Minnesota, and the British Isles; dating techniques; the use of technology; and related links.
  • Art Tales: Telling Stories with Wildlife Art
    Art Tales: Telling Stories with Wildlife Art. National Museum of Wildlife Art Awarded "Best of the Web: Educational Site" at Museums & the Web 2001! Explore art at this museum in ways you never could before! Tell a story, illustrate it with wildlife, put it to music, and publish it on the Web! (Third grade to adult).
  • Artslynx: International Arts Resources
    Artslynx: International Arts Resources. The amazingly wide scope of this comprehensive arts site includes links to information on organizations and collections; arts advocacy, education, funding, and administration; healing and disabilities; history; and more.
  • Ask Dr. Math
    Ask Dr. Math is a question and answer service for math students and their teachers.
  • Assessment Resources
    This PowerPoint presentation introduces the assessment process. It discusses the importance of assessment, standardized testing, authentic assessment, and rubrics.
  • Astophysics Science Project, Integrating Research and Education
    The ASPIRE Lab is now one of the most innovative and interactive science education websites available on the Internet. You will find not only fun interactive labs, but well designed and produced curriculum content, created by teachers for teachers.
  • Astro-venture
    Synopsis: No, this is not a new minivan--but it is a super galactic learning adventure in which young visitors learn about what makes the planet Earth habitable for humans. Students explore careers of NASA scientists as they create their own life-supporting planets.
  • Backyard Jungle
    (Big Chalk.com Top Web Site) You don�t have to travel any further than your own backyard�and your computer�to take a look at the science that�s just out the back door. This kid-friendly online community allows users to create maps of their natural surroundings (both real and imaginary) and chart the flora and fauna they see.
  • Balanced Assessment
    From 1993 to 2003, the Balanced Assessment in Mathematics Program existed at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. The project group developed a large collection of innovative mathematics assessment tasks for grades K to 12, and trained teachers to use these assessments in their classrooms.
  • Bartelby.com
    Bartelby.com, which began as a research experiment in 1993 at Columbia University, has grown into a high-quality reference tool and an extensive repository of classic literature. It includes works by hundreds of authors: including over 10,000 poems and 86,000 quotations.
  • BBC Online
    News form the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).
  • Bernie Dodge's Rubrics for Web Lessons
    Bernie Dodge, the creator of the WebQuest, has put together a good resources for teachers on rubrics. This page has information about using rubrics, links to articles, a few examples of rubrics, guidelines for creating a rubric, and a few good sites for further exploration.
  • Bluetooth: FAQ & Knowledge Base
    Questions and answers about this wireless connection system for personal computers and other related handheld devices, which was named after a Viking and king of Denmark. Topics addressed include situations in which Bluetooth may be used and wireless technology issues.
  • Bug Bytes
    A collection of more than forty insect sound files. Browse by species name or subject.
  • Build a Prairie Game
    The prairie is one of North America's great ecosystems and a vital habitat for many plants and animals. Over 98% of the prairie has been lost in the past 150 years�but some people are trying to bring it back, hectare by hectare.
  • CalPhotos: People and Culture
    A collection of nearly 500 photographs of people and their culture from around the globe. Searchable by location, caption, type, continent, country, U.S.
  • CARET
    The Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology bridges education technology research to practice by offering research-based answers to critical questions. The site allows you to browse questions and answers, search for studies, and receive notification of new research related to your interests.
  • CARET: Center for Applied Research in Education Technology
    CARET bridges education technology research to practice by offering research-based answers to critical questions.
  • Case Creator - A Video-based Case Creation Tool
    The Case Creator allows you to import up to five videos and their corresponding transcripts, synchronize the videos with the transcripts, search the transcripts and cue the video to the desired search result. You can add bookmarks and annotations to the videos and share them with your students.
  • CforAT Center for Accessible Technology
    The Center for Accessible Technology (CforAT) began life in 1983 when a group of parents of children with disabilities came together to develop strategies for including their children into mainstream elementary school settings. With an initial focus on computer technology, these parents developed models whereby kids with disabilities could be fully included in the school curriculum.The Center has kept its inclusion focus, and over time has broadened its goals to include participation in higher education, employment and community.
  • Children's Butterfly Site
    This site is an good companion site for a unit on butterflies. It contains a photo gallery of butterflies from around the world and coloring pages describing the life cycle of butterflies in several languages (English, French, German, Spanish, Italian and Dutch).
  • Children's Music Web
    Children's Music Web is an excellent site for parents, teachers, children, and professionals, promoting music for children with unbiased, free information. Focuses on music resources, not artists or companies.
  • Classical Music Search
    Identify melodies by playing a musical phrase on a digital piano keyboard! This search engine will sift through a database of more than 1,500 well-known classical compositions to create a list of pieces containing that phrase. The list produced by the search includes composer, title, and brief MIDI files.
  • Classroom Connect
    Classroom Connect is a provider of professional development and online curriculum resources that foster successful use of the Internet in education. They offer the K-12 education community a customized subscription service package that includes the professional learning programmes and standard-based classroom learning materials available, complete with face-to-face training and ongoing customer support.
  • Cleopatra: A Multimedia Guide to the Ancient World
    "An interactive guide to the Ancient Art Collection of The Art Institute of Chicago" that focuses on the three cultures of the ancient Mediterranean: Italy, Egypt, and Greece. Eighteen objects are featured, each with close-up views and related stories in audio.
  • Columbia Education Center
    Columbia Education Center Internet-based lessons posted at this Portland, Oregon teachers' resource center.
  • Comparison of Search Engine User Interface Capabilities
    This table shows "the search tool features different robot-driven search engines offer." Created by Gillian Westera, a librarian at Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia.
  • Cooper Hewitt, The National Design Museum
    Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, Smithsonian Institution is the only museum in the United States devoted exclusively to historic and contemporary design. The Museum believes that design shapes our objects, environments, and communications, making them more desirable, functional, and accessible.
  • Create a Graph
    "Create a Graph" helps students create their own graphs & charts. This online tool can be used to make 4 kinds of charts & graphs: bar graphs, line graphs, area graphs, & pie charts.
  • Create Your Own Kaleidoscope
    Create your own kaleidoscope. Draw into a space and a sweeping pie-slice shape translates 45� of your work into 360� of kaleidoscopic art.
  • Design Your Own Robot
    Design Your Own Robot from Museum of Science, Boston Robots have long been part of the popular imagination. Most people have some vague ideas about robots from having read about them in science fiction stories or seeing them in movies, on television, and elsewhere.
  • Designing Accessible Web Sites
    Designing Accessible Web Sites - how to make your pages more accessible to users with disabilities.
  • Digital Classroom
    This well organized site provides materials from the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), methods for teaching with primary sources, and sample lesson plans for K-12 teachers. Nearly twenty topics are outlined in Primary Sources and Activities, including such subjects as Constitution Day, the Amistad case, black soldiers during the Civil War, and Jackie Robinson as a civil rights advocate.
  • Digital Photo Librarian Image Editor 4.0
    For persons hoping to catalog and modify extensive digitized photo collections, the Digital Photo Librarian application will be a welcome addition to their software library. The application allows users to manage large photo collections, along with providing the capability of supporting a variety of image formats.
  • Dinosaurs
    Helps students answer questions about dinosaurs dinosaur "a dinosaur"? Where did they live? What caused their mass extinction? Students can participate in a virtual dinosaur discovery, follow milestones in dinosaur evolution, & see behind-the-scenes slideshows of the lab environment where vertebrate specimens are prepared for exhibits & research. (NMNH,SI) .
  • Discovery School.com
    DiscoverySchool.com is part of the Discovery Communication, Inc. The website provides teaching materials for teachers, resources for students, and advice for parents about how to help their kids enjoy learning and excel in school.
  • ditto.com
    An image search engine that retrieves images from the Web that have been screened. You can search for dolls and only get dolls.
  • dMarie Time Capsule
    A simple tool to help locate news headlines based on the date you enter. Quick Page will automatically generate a Time Capsule page for you.
  • e School News online
    A monthly newsletter published during the school year discussing K-12 educational technology, available in both print and electronic formats.
  • Earth Observatory
    If you love earth science, or just thinking about the systems of the earth, this is the ultimate web site. This website uses maps, views from satellites and a lot of information that is databased or aggregated to explain, explore, and show data about the earth in scientific ways.
  • Earth Observing System (EOS) Education Project*
    The Earth Observing System (EOS) Education Project disseminates Earth system science imagery and supportive curriculum to the global kindergarten through undergraduate level (K-16) education community. The EOS Education Project provides Internet-based and on-site training for the K-16 education community in the interpretation, utilization and relevancy of EOS mission imagery.
  • EarthCam
    Started in 1996, the EarthCam company was one of the first corporations to begin delivering services designed to assist those persons seeking to set up the necessary infrastructure to send live images across the globe. This free site is a helpful way to take a peek at literally thousands of places (including some rather unusual ones) around the world.
  • Education Week
    Education Week is a national print and online magazine that focuses on current educational issues.
  • Education World
    Education World is designed to help educators integrate the Internet into the classroom. It contains a wide range of resources for teachers including lesson plans created by teachers and articles written by professionals in the field.
  • eNature
    Kudos to the National Audobon Society for this great site. Now, you have access to field guides for more than 4800 species of plants and animals.
  • Enchanted Learning
    Enchanted Learning is targeted at K-3 learners and produces children's educational websites and games which are designed to capture thier imagination while maximizing creativity, learning, and enjoyment. Their mission is to produce the best educational material, emphasizing creativity and the pure enjoyment of learning.
  • Ethics in Computing
    Browse or search for information about the basics of ethics in computing or specific topics such as privacy, free speech, computer abuse, intellectual property, risks, commerce, and social justice in this tidily organized set of links.
  • Experiencing War (Voices of War): Stories from the Veterans
    This is a preview of the Web site which accompanies the second book of stories from the collections of the Veterans History Project. Forever a Soldier: Unforgettable Stories of Wartime Service contains 37 tales of servicemen and women who served our country in every major war from World War I through the current conflict in Iraq.
  • Exploring the Environment
    Exploring the Environment (ETE) online series, which features an integrated approach to environmental earth science through modules and activities, is developed at the NASA Classroom of the Future; at Wheeling Jesuit University. Through a cooperative agreement with the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, the ETE online series is supported by NASA's Information Infrastructure Technology and Applications (IITA) Program, which facilitates public use of Earth and Space Science remote sensing databases over the Internet.
  • Exploring the Planets Cyber-Center
    Cyber-Center lets students compare their own planetary research with that of scientists. Fascinating photos are shared and the students can read the researchers notes.
  • Feeding America: The Historic American Cookbook Project
    The Michigan State University Library, in partnership with the MSU Museum,have created a fascinating look into American epicurean history with their online trove of influential 19th and early 20th century American cookbooks.
  • Filtering: No Easy Answers
    This Web-based paper, written for the technology section of the Public Library Association, can be a good starting point for school and library personnel responsible for making decisions on filtering. No recommendations are made here (this is very vendor neutral).
  • Fin, Fur and Feather Bureau of Investigation (FFFBI) Headquarters
    The site uses interactive stories and original thinking games to get kids to solve mysteries and learn crucial skills such as using the Internet for research and investigation, reading, and writing. The project encourages exploration of a wide range of subjects from math and science to geography, genetics and history.
  • Girl Power
    Girl Power! http://www.girlpower.gov/Supports the national public education campaign sponsored by the Department of the Health and Human Services "Girls at 8 or 9 typically have very strong attitudes about their health, so Girl Power! seeks to reinforce and sustain these positive values among girls ages 9-14 by targeting health messages to the unique needs, interests, and challenges of girls." Includes adult resource links and research and news about girls.
  • GIS.COM
    GIS software can help learners of all ages grasp the ways that geography affects their everyday lives and the world around them. GIS helps students and teachers engage in studies that require and promote critical thinking, integrated learning, and multiple intelligences--at any grade level.
  • Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE)
    Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) This is an international network of students, teachers, and scientists who are studying the global environment. It is made up of over 6,000 schools in more than 70 countries.
  • Great Globe Gallery
    The Great Globe Gallery on the World Wide Web Print out maps and globes, satellite views, topo maps, historical maps and more. Unusual maps like solstice geography, astronomy, El nino maps and ocean current maps.
  • GT World
    GT WorldThis is a site for those caring for talented and gifted children. It provides definitions of terms and emoticons to be encountered on site; information on testing; some articles; and recommended reading for children, teens, gifted adults, and parents.
  • Guggenheim.org
    This site introduces you to the five Guggeheim Museums. Venice, Italy; New York; Berlin, GR; Bilbao, Spain; Las Vegas, NV.
  • Guide to African American Documentary Resources
    A highly selective collection of over 80 annotated links to sites "relating to African American history," including academic, government, and other sites, and digitization projects. Searchable and browsable.
  • Handheld Education.com
    The purpose of this site is to help teachers and students improve teaching and learning through the use of handheld computers.
  • History Detectives
    History Detectives is devoted to solving historical mysteries, searching out the true facts (and falsehoods) behind local folklore, family legends and interesting objects. http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/ History Detectives is devoted to solving historical mysteries, searching out the true facts (and falsehoods) behind local folklore, family legends and interesting objects.
  • How Does Project-Based Learning Work?
    "We've got to know the curriculum. We've got to know the standards inside and out.
  • How the Weather Service Gets the Word Out
    How the Weather Service Gets the Word Out - This document shows how the National Weather Service (NWS) strives to utilize the latest technologies available for the dissemination of climate, water, and weather data and information. Timely access to weather information is provided through NWS systems, including the - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Weather Radio (NWR) - NOAA Weather Wire Service (NWWS) - Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) - Interactive Weather Information Network (IWIN) Teachers will find information about resources from the American Meteorological Society and Project Atmosphere including the formation of the Atmospheric Education Resource Agent (AERA) network, DataStreme, AAAS, the American Geological Institute, and others, with information about audiovisual materials, computer software, and data sources.www.nssl.noaa.gov/resources.
  • Hubble Heritage Project
    The Hubble Heritage Project This site makes the most of what Hubble has to offer, with a gallery of gorgeous images, plus other art inspired by them. It also links to astronomy background resources, the news desk of Hubblesite.org.
  • Idea Box: Early Childhood Education and Activity Resources
    Idea Box: Early Childhood Education and Activity Resources Find an Idea of the Day and other resources at this site. Activities lists things to do with young children; Seasonal holds activities, crafts, games, and songs about holidays, including Earth Day and Black History Month; Games includes musical chairs, cotton ball race, and many others; Music and Songs has finger plays and children's songs; and Craft Recipes contains "Playdough" and other craft materials.
  • Illuminations
    Designed to improve the teaching and learning of mathematics. Offers interactive lessons for students, lesson plans for teachers, and math applets, all arranged by grade level.
  • Imagine Mars Project
    Building on the success of the Mars Millennium Project, the Imagine Mars Project is a national arts, science, and education initiative that challenges K-12 students to design a futuristic Mars community. Students first explore their own community and decide which arts, scientific, and cultural elements will be important on Mars.
  • In Search of the Ways of Knowing Trail
    - Your jeep breaks down on your way to the remote village of Epulu in central Africa. You along with four youths from different local cultures are forced to walk through the Ituri Forest to get there.
  • In Thy Map Securely Saile
    Maps, Atlases, Charts, and Globes from the Lawrence H. Slaughter Collection "Focusing on the New World as it was viewed by the British in the 17th and 18th centuries, this online exhibition examines the ways in which maps and charts were used to provide information on natural resources and settlements in the New World and to reflect the expansion of the British empire across the globe." From the New York Public Library.
  • Index of Native American Cultural Resources
    Index of Native American Cultural Resources A comprehensive directory of Native American information, including Web sites about Native American culture, history, education, and jobs.
  • Information Power
    The American Association of School Librarians has developed awidely-accepted set of standards called Information Power. They also publish a guide showing what the benchmarks look like at eachgrade level.
  • Information Technology and Disabilities
    This quarterly refereed journal is intended for educators, librarians, academic computing staff, job accommodations/human relations professionals, and others interested in new technology and its effective use by people with disabilities. From EASI (Equal Access to Software and Information).
  • International Reading Association (IRA)
    This professional organization's site highlights the latest educational legislation. The organization seeks to promote "high levels of literacy for all by improving the quality of reading instruction, disseminating research and information about reading, and encouraging the lifetime reading habit." Find publications, program descriptions, professional standards, links, meeting notices, news, and membership information.
  • internet Messages
    Understandable explanations of those messages you get instead of the WWW page you thought you were going to get. 401, 403, 404, 500, 501, unable to connect, no helper application defined, etc.
  • InTime: integrating new technologies into the methods of education
    InTime: Integrating new technologies into the methods of education. Date: 2003 Grade(s): K - 12 This Internet site offers a collection of online video vignettes that demonstrate how preK-12 teachers are integrating technology into their classroom lessons.
  • ISTE National Educational Technology Standards and Performance Indicators
    Today's teacher preparation programs provide a variety of alternative paths to initial licensure. They address economic conditions, needs of prospective teachers, and the demands of employing school districts.
  • iWASwondering.org
    The Web site iWASwondering.org is a project of the National Academy of Sciences intended to showcase the accomplishments of contemporary women in science and to highlight for young people the varied and intriguing careers of some of today's most prominent female scientists. The site draws from and accompanies the publication of a ten-volume series of biographies entitled Women's Adventures in Science, co-published by the Joseph Henry Press (an imprint of the National Academies Press) and Scholastic Library Publishing.
  • JASON Project home page
    Grades: Kindergarten - 12 Synopsis: Don't worry, this is not another scary movie installment! This JASON is an educational program that lets students and teachers perform exciting scientific fieldwork from their classrooms, exploring regions from the polar ice caps to the steamy rain forests.
  • Justice Learning
    CIVICS EDUCATION WEB SITE, NYTimes.com and NPR have launched (www.justicelearning.org), a free civics Web site designed for high school students and teachers. The Web site is organized around eight distinct civic issues that are updated twice yearly.
  • K12 Handhelds
    K12 HandheldsHandhelds is a company which focuses on handheld computing in education. It provides schools with integrated solutions for handheld use in education that include: planning, professional development, hardware, software and applications, educational bundles, implementation and support, and assessment.
  • Kathy Schrock's Guide for Educators
    A categorized list of sites useful for enhancing curriculum and professional growth. It includes links to lesson plans, clip art, puzzlemaker, science fair ideas, brainboosters and more.
  • KidsClick!
    A searchable, browsable directory of over 6,300 web resources for children and those who work with them. Grouped into fifteen major categories with many sub-categories, entries are briefly annotated and include the number of illustrations and reading level.
  • KITE - 1000 cases on how to integrate technology in K-12 classrooms
    KITE is a case-based reasoning system that is designed to help K-12 teachers to integrate technology in their classroom. The system has a 1000 cases (July 2003) and has multiple options to search to the context of the teacher.
  • Knowitall.org
    Created by South Carolina ETV for K–12 students and teachers, Knowitall.org is a free, online collection of resources designed for classroom use. This educational portal contains image collections, videos, virtual tours, narratives, documents, and interactive games and stories to support and provide quality learning experiences for students using the Internet as an information tool.
  • LD Online
    LD Online has a special section on how technology can diminish barriersfor children.
  • Learning with Laptop Tech Resources Page
    Technology Coordinator Resources Laurie and Fred Bartels run the laptop program at Rye Country Day School in New York. They put together this website with resources to help you both plan for and use laptops in schools.
  • Lesson Plans Page.Com
    The Lesson Plans Page is a collection of over 1,000 lesson plans, primarily at the elementary level, that were developed by Kyle Yamnitz, students and faculty at The University of Missouri. More recent lesson plans were submitted by the users of this website.
  • Library Spot
    Encyclopedias, maps, online libraries, quotations, reference desks, and other student help sites.
  • Marco Polo's Lesson Search
    This search engine searches lessons created or reviewed by the Marco Polo partners including the Kennedy Arts Center and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
  • Mars Pathfinder Pathfinder Mission
    Before the MER mission, there was the Pathfinder Mission, which landed on Mars in 1997 and took these incredible images of the Martian surface.
  • Mars Project
    Some of the children in today's schools will grow up to be be the first people to set foot on Mars. Preparing them for this experience is the objective of the Mars Project.
  • Math-lets
    Math_lets are math applets you can use to explore math and create interactive lessons. See our i-Math Investigations for examples of lessons that use Math_lets.
  • Mathematics at the Mall
    Overview: In the following lesson, students participate in an activity in which they develop number sense in and around the shopping mall. There are two activities in this lesson.
  • Media Services: Glossary
    A browsable glossary of terms related to the study of "digital" or "new multimedia," a relatively new and broad subject area that combines traditional image-production techniques (like film and video) with an understanding of digital images, the computers and software used to produce them, and the networks through which they can be shared. From the Department of Media Services, University of California, Santa Cruz.
  • Meet Mexico
    Meet MexicoAn overview of Mexican history, geography, facts, and culture. Includes a section with national symbols and the anthem.
  • Microsoft Office Clip Art and Media
    Extensive clipart, templates, and media for Microsoft Office.
  • Multicultural Pavilion
    A myriad of conceptualizations exist to describe multicultural education, its purposes, how it is implemented, why it is important.
  • Museum of the Rockies
    Museum of the RockiesPartnership between Montana State University Libraries and the National Leadership Grant for Libraries, created a database, which will make the Plains Indian cultures accessible via the Internet and World Wide Web. The database is titled Images of the Indian Peoples of the Northern Great Plains.
  • NASA K-12 Internet in the Classroom:
    Initiative to help K-12 schools use the Internet for Space Science education. Offers a variey of projects, some without charge, to schools across the United States.
  • National Archives and Record Administration: Access to Archival
    Online access to a selection of nearly 50 million historic electronic records created by more than 20 federal agencies on a wide range of topics. that contains close to 50 million historical records, culled from 350 archival sources from 20 different federal agencies.
  • National Gallery of Arts for Kids
    National Gallery of Arts for Kids. The website welcomes you with a visual presentation of pictures and has a list of upcoming programs, films and events for kids.
  • National Hurricane Center
    Get satellite imagery and radar maps of the latest storms at this informative and potentially life-saving resource.
  • National Marine Sanctuary Program
    At the National Marine Sanctuaries, you'll find information about our nation's marine sanctuaries -- their history and current management, their scientific and educational programs, and their continuing efforts to conserve our nation's ocean and coastal treasures. The National Marine Sanctuary Program web site.
  • National Museum of the American Indian
    The NAMAI web site offers an education section with teacher guides and lists of authentic resources for students: “Your students may have preconceived notions regarding Native Americans. Before visiting the museum, you may want to begin studying ‘fact versus fiction’ concerning indigenous cultures.
  • National Parks Associated with African Americans: An Ethnographic Perspective
    National Parks Associated with African Americans: An Ethnographic Perspective is an interactive map that links to some of the many national parks commemorating the African American story in our nation's culture, heritage, and history. It also includes links to parks having less well known or only recently uncovered associations with African Americans.
  • National Teacher Training Institute: Lesson Plan Database
    National Teacher Training Institute: Lesson Plan Database. Visit this Web site from the National Teacher Training Institute (NTTI) for a set of engaging lesson plans for middle and high school students.
  • Neshkinukat
    This is a Web site for Native American artists of California to profile, promote and display their work. "The network is open to Native artists of all traditional and contemporary art forms including painters, sculptors, jewelry makers, silversmiths, writers, bead workers, digital storytellers, photographers, potters, weavers, dancers, musicians, drum makers, singers, composers, poets and more." Browsable.
  • New State Fact Sheets on the Technology Gap
    New State Fact Sheets on the Technology Gap-Updated data available for all 50 states on how each state is fairing in addressing the Digital Divide.
  • NGA CLASSROOM for Teachers and Students
    The Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE) is a distributed community effort involving educators, students, and scientists working together to improve the quality, quantity, and efficiency of teaching and learning about the Earth system at all levels. Welcome to a place where teachers and students can connect art and curriculum.
  • North Carolina State University: Introduction to Videoconferencing
    North Carolina State University: Introduction to Videoconferencing An introduction to videoconferencing. This site includes information about creating and implementing classroom projects using videoconferencing.
  • NOVA
    At this site you will find science resources for the classroom. You can search by curriculum keyword for lesson plans, interactive applets, downloadable teacher guides, streaming video.
  • Ology
    A cleaver, animated site with activities related to "ology", the study of something. Website includes activities about genetics, paleontology,astronomy and biodiversity.
  • Operation DeepScope
    Bring the excitement of current ocean science discoveries to your students using this new Ocean Exploration curriculum Learning Ocean Science through Ocean Exploration: A Curriculum for Grades 6-12 From bioluminescent corals to deep-vent worms, from tropical underwater volcanoes to the Arctic Ocean floor, we know less about the landscape of our ocean than we do about the moon's. Bring the excitement of current ocean science discoveries to your students using this Ocean Exploration curriculum and a CD-ROM of the Ocean Explorer Web site from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
  • Origins of Writing
    Origins of WritingAn exploration of the development of writing that includes Chinese and Korean calligraphy; hieroglyphics of the Mayans, Egyptians, and Olmecs; literacy in Europe; alphabets; the evolution of spoken and written Gaelic in Ireland; and Ogham, the language of the Celts. Additionally, there is information about the Mayan calendar and numbering system, Public Texts In Ancient Societies, writing mediums and systems, and more.
  • Palm Applications in Education
    Palm Applications in Education. Information and reviews on education applications.
  • People Like Me "It's About Time!"
    World Arts West: People Like Me Activities - This site is a good resource for teachers who want to incorporate performing arts and cultural appreciation into their curriculum.
  • Playspace: Learning in playful digital learning environments
    Playspace is an interdisciplinary and interinstitutional research effort, focused on exploring the educational value of playful digital learning environments. This project generated a rubric for designing and assessing educational games as well as several papers concerning commercial games and its use with educational purposes.
  • Portals of the World
    Portals to the World contain selective links providing authoritative, in-depth information about the nations and other areas of the world. They are arranged by country or area with the links for each sorted into a wide range of broad categories.
  • Practical Money Skills for Life
    Created by the folks at Visa, this website checks out as a good learning center for all ages. Lessons (look under For Teachers) include Spending Plans (for younger children) up to Living on your Own (for college age students).
  • PrimaryMath
    PrimaryMath provides interactive drill in basic arithmetic, from simple addition to long division including optional decimals and signed numbers. It is designed to replace paper arithmetic assignments and remove a layer of tedium from the learning process for both the teacher (or parent) and student.
  • Project Based Learning
    Part One, Guided Process, is designed to give participants a brief introduction to project-based learning. It answers the questions "Why is Project-Based Learning Important?"; "What is Project-Based Learning?"; and "How Does Project-Based Learning Work?" The Guided Process includes the Teaching About PBL section and a PowerPoint presentation, including presenter notes.
  • Project Based Learning Checklist
    Project Based Learning Checklist from www4teachers and the High Plains Regional Technology in Education Consortium (check out the great tools at their site) - This is a cool site where you can easily build a checklist for or with your kids before they write, do an oral or multimedia presentation or an experiment. They will know what to look for when they self-evaluate their work.
  • Recent World Activity
    Find webpages that provide resources for teachers on the topics of earth structure, earthquakes, plate tectonics, and earthquake preparedness. Features: Lesson ideas Graphics/Multimedia Inquiry materials.
  • Research It!
    - dictionary, thesaurus, famous quotes, maps, translation .
  • Resources from the National Gallery of Art
    The National Gallery of Art can bring the visual arts into your classroom, organization, television network, or library. This federally-funded program has over 120 free-loan education resources.
  • Robin Whirlybird on Her Rotorcraft Adventures: NASA Website
    K-4 teachers can use the newly released 'Robin Whirlybird on her Rotorcraft Adventures' to engage young students in science while strengthening their language and vocabulary skills. The NASA Ames Educational Technology Team developed this online, interactive multimedia storybook that explains aeronautics and rotorcraft research to young children.
  • Robotics Education Project
    NASA's Robotics Education Project is intended to raise children's interest in robotics and promote it as a possible career choice. The Web site highlights many applications of robots, such as space exploration, medicine, and mechanical automation.
  • Rural Information Center
    The Rural Information Center provides information services for rural communities, officials, organizations and citizens. The Rural Information Center is USDA's national information service providing funding sources and information to rural and tribal officials, communities, organizations, and citizens throughout the United States, 1-800-633-7701, [email protected].
  • Scholastic Online Activities
    K-12 lessons and activities designed around web resources by educational publisher Scholastic.
  • Schools Online
    A searchable collection of study units for both students and teachers. Areas include plant science, incubation and embryology, worm anatomy, natural resources and the environment, apples, aging, sports and nutrition, and social development.
  • Sciencenetlinks.com (Science)
    Science NetLinks provides a wealth of resources for K-12 science educators, Science NetLinks is your guide to meaningful standards-based Internet experiences for students.
  • Search MarcoPolo
    The MarcoPolo Search Engine provides access to all of the educational resources created by the MarcoPolo Partners plus Partner reviewed materials Find Quality Internet Content for Your Classroom! http://www.marcopolosearch.org/mpsearch/basic_search.asp The MarcoPolo Search Engine provides access to all of the educational resources created by the MarcoPolo Partners plus Partner reviewed materials.
  • Searching for Digital Libraries in Education:
    Why computers cannot tell the story. Library Trends, 45 (4), Special issue: "Children and the digital library", 746-770.
  • SEED (Spreading Educator to Educator Developments)
    This web site contains resources and stories about HIgh-Quality Teaching and Learning with Technology (HQTLT) including 110 SEED "Packets," teacher-develeped units of study in all content areas and grade levels, available free for your use.
  • SIBMAS: International Dictionary of Performing Arts Collections and Institutions
    SIBMAS: International Dictionary of Performing Arts Collections and Institutions. A listing of over 7000 international institutions with material relating to the performing arts (theatre, opera, music, ballet, film, circus, radio, television, cabaret, pantomime).
  • Smithsonian Institute-Museums Listings
    Smithsonian Institute-Museums Listings Portal to all of the Smithsonian Institute's Museums.
  • Soundzabound.com
    Soundzabound.com - Royalty Free Music.
  • Soy Unica! Soy Latina!
    This site is designed to help Hispanic girls ages 9-14 "build and enhance their own self-esteem, mental health, decision-making and assertiveness skills, and to prevent the harmful consequences of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs." Find information about family history, planning for the future, and Latina role models. Includes homework tips.
  • Strange Matter
    Visit this site to explore materials science "the study of stuff. Meet a material (MR fluid) that can help keep buildings safer during earthquakes, and learn how hollow carbon molecules ("Buckyballs") may someday deliver drugs directly to sick cells in your body.
  • SuperBot 3.1
    SuperBot is a novel little program that downloads entire Web sites automatically and saves them on your computer. It operates by rewriting thehyperlinks on every downloaded Web page to ensure every duplicated site is virtually identical to its online counterpart.
  • Surrounded by Beauty: The Arts of Native AmericaMinneapolis Institute of Arts
    Surrounded by Beauty: The Arts of Native America Minneapolis Institute of Arts. There is no equivalent in the many Native American languages for the word art.
  • Taglit
    Taking a Good Look at Instructional Technology (TAGLIT) is an online set of assessment tools designed to provide school personnel with information about the current status of instructional technology at their school. TAGLIT includes Leader, Teacher and Student questionnaires.
  • Teachology
    Teachology is a series of staff development segments available for teachers and administrators to utilize on the web. The first three segments spotlight teachers implementing effective and motivational strategies in their classrooms.
  • Tech Encyclopedia
    Tech Encyclopedia. "More than 20,000 definitions of computer terms and concepts...
  • Technology Integration Proficiency Rubric
    Technology Integration Proficiency Rubric Rubric for assessing teacher integration of technology.
  • The Coastal Ocean Observatory Laboratory room (aka COOLroom)
    The Rutgers Marine and Coastal Sciences (RMCS), in conjunction with the Jacques Cousteau National Estuarine Research Reserve (JCNERR) has addressed the need for innovative materials that provide educators with the knowledge and skills they need to develop scientific literacy in their students The COOL Classroom is a series of Internet-based instructional modules that link middle and high school classrooms with active research investigations at the Rutgers Marine & Coastal Sciences (RMCS) COOLroom, a collaboration of oceanographers studying the coastal ocean off the coast of New Jersey. Here you will find information about how to use the COOL projects and printable teachers guides.
  • The Dolley Madison Project
    The Dolley Madison Project provides a window onto the domestic, political, and social worlds of Dolley Madison and on the development of elite Washington, D.C. society in the early national period.
  • The Encyclopedia Mythica: An Encyclopedia on Mythology, Folklore, Mysticism, and More...
    This site provides a series of short glosses on characters and elements from Chinese, Etruscan, Egyptian, Greek, Norse, Persian, and Roman mythology. The site features only brief articles on its various topics, but it is an excellent cross-reference resource when basic information is all that is needed.
  • The Exploratorium's Digital Library
    Welcome to the Exploratorium’s Digital Library. The different collections in the library include digital media and digitized museum materials related to interactive exhibits and scientific phenomena, including images, educational activities in PDF and html formats, QuickTime movies, streaming media, and audio files.
  • The Jane Goodall Institute
    The Jane Goodall Institute advances the power of individuals to take informed and compassionate action to improve the environment for all living things. With Dr.
  • The LOC.gov Wise Guide
    This Wise Guide portal was designed to introduce you to the many fascinating, educational and useful resources available from the nation's library and one of the most popular Web sites of the federal government. The federal government and the Library of Congress, in particular, maintain and develop hundreds of Web sites.
  • The Museum of Afro American History Boston
    The Museum of Afro-American History is dedicated to preserving, conserving and accurately interpreting the contributions of African Americans in New England from the colonial period through the 19th century. This institution is "dedicated to preserving, conserving and accurately interpreting the contributions of African Americans during the colonial period in New England." The site features information about museum exhibits, the African Meeting House and Abiel Smith School, and the Black Heritage Trail (a "walking tour encompassing the largest collection of historic sites in the country relating to the life of a free African American community prior to the Civil War").
  • The NASA Why? Files
    The NASA Why? FilesThe NASA Why? Files is a U.S.distance learning initiative that integrates the use of a television broadcast, web site, and educator's guide. The project uses Problem-Based Learning to introduce students in grades 3-5 to NASA research and missions.
  • The Olympic Games Theme Collection
    Olympic Themes The Olympic Games Theme Collection featuring sites about past and present Olympians, Athens, the different competitions, mascots, mascots, collectibles, doping, security, the Olympic Truce, and much more. New content added every week.
  • The Open Directory
    Largest collections of art resources on the Web. The directory includes sites in the liberal arts (i.e., language) and fine arts (i.e., aesthetics) collected by editors who share their expertise in the spirit of the Open Source movement: to build a high quality free public service.
  • The Pantheon
    The Greek world of gods and goddesses is extremely intricate, and The Pantheon Web site provides an effective way to begin learning about this world, both for beginners and for those looking to brush up on their knowledge of their exploits and times.
  • The Professional Cartoonists Index
    A unique site with lessons using political cartoons, run by a husband and wife team: a cartoonist and a teacher in Los Angeles.
  • The Quest for Immortality: Treasures of Ancient Egypt [QuickTime, RealPlayer]
    The Quest for Immortality: Treasures of Ancient Egypt. This new online exhibit from the National Gallery of Art will be a real treat for those with a passion for the ancient civilization of Egypt.
  • The TEACH Toolkit
    An Online Resource for Understanding Copyright and Distance Education. The Technology, Education, and Copyright Harmonization Act (TEACH Act) "updates copyright law pertaining to transmissions of performances and displays of copyrighted materials.
  • The Tomb of Tutankhamon
    This is a site that puts you in the discovery of the tomb of King Tutankhamon. You have the actual tour of the ways in which the tomb was originally explored after its discovery.
  • The VT MIDI/ARTT Project
    VT MIDI/ARTT Project, Inc. provides online arts and music mentoring and professional development.
  • The Wing Luke Asian Museum
    The Wing Luke Asian Museum. This Seattle, Washington, museum "engages the Asian Pacific American communities and the public in exploring issues related to the culture, art and history of Asian Pacific Americans." The Web site has museum information including its special, permanent, and past exhibits; public events; educational resources; and visitor services.
  • Tools for Learning
    These are resources for helping with student learning. Find out what resources are available to parents, teachers, administrators and communities to provide kids with the tools to be successful in school.
  • Traditional Japanese Music
    This Internet Guide presents annotations of Web sites that address generally the issue of traditional Japanese music and sites that focus on particular instruments (koto, shakuhachi, shamisen, and taiko). Music plays a large role in the traditional dramatic arts of kabuki and noh, so the guide concludes with annotations of sites addressing these art forms." From the National Clearinghouse for U.S.-Japan Studies, Indiana University.
  • TryScience
    TryScience.org wants you to experience the excitement of contemporary science and technology through online and offline interactivity with science and technology centers worldwide. Science is exciting, and it's for everyone! That's why TryScience and over 400 science centers worldwide invite you to investigate, discover, and try science yourself.
  • Urban Classroom Success Stories
    Urban Classroom Success Stories Featured in October Issue Of Enc Focus. http://www.enc.org/text/focus/ In the fall issue of ENC Focus, teachers who work in urban classrooms sharetheir approaches to math and science instruction, and at the same time point out that their challenge is the same as their colleagues' in suburban and rural schools-to teach all children well.
  • Using Handheld Technologies in School
    This website has handheld technology, the basics , an overview of wireless networking, considerations when buying handhelds. The educational advantages of handhelds, educational concerns and much much more.
  • Using Live Insects in Elementary Classrooms for Early Lessons in Life
    This site, created by the Center for Insect Science Education Outreach at the University of Arizona, contains online curriculum and resources developed to support K-3 teachers interested in moving from a traditional textbook-driven curriculum to a more integrated, hands on, inquiry approach. This site contains twenty integrated lessons with science and math activities that use live insects.
  • Virtual Knee Surgery
    Perform a virtual knee replacement! In this guided virtual surgery you will use tools such as the scalpel and bone saw. You can also view photos from a real knee surgery.
  • VolcanoWorld
    The Web's Premier Source for Volcano InformationVolcanoWorld has been the Internet's leading source of information about volcanoes since January 1995. Each year VW serves about 4 million different users, including grade school kids, teachers, college students, professors, researchers, government scientists and the general public.
  • War and Peace
    "War & Peace" exhibits photos, maps, & documents related to America's wars.Features include a Civil War timeline, letters from soldiers,homefront contributions during World War I & II, American women workers during World War II, man-on-the-street interviews after Pearl Harbor, "The Stars & Stripes" newspaper(for Army troops in France 1918-19), Winston Churchill, the Marshall Plan, Ansel Adam's book of photos of a World War II internment camp, & the Veterans History Project. (LOC) .
  • Wayback Machine
    The Wayback Machine makes it possible to surf more than 10 billion pages stored in the Internet Archive's web archive. The Internet Archive is building a digital library of Internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form.
  • We the People
    Features drafts of the Declaration of Independence & the Gettysburg Address, papers of George Washington & Thomas Jefferson, an Emancipation Proclamation timeline, slave codes, images of presidential inaugurations, how elections have changed, documents on policies aimed to keep peace between white settlers & Native Americans (1783-1815), duties of the President & other governmental officials in 1825, the role of religion in the founding of the colonies, & more. (LOC).
  • We'll Sing To Abe Our Song!: Sheet Music about Lincoln, Emancipation, and the Civil War
    "We'll Sing To Abe Our Song!": Sheet Music about Lincoln, Emancipation, and the Civil War"Includes more than two hundred sheet-music compositions that represent Lincoln and the war as reflected in popular music. The collection spans the years from Lincoln's presidential campaign in 1859 through the centenary of Lincoln's birth in 1909." Searchable by keyword, and browsable by title, name, subject, and publisher.
  • WebQuest Rubric Template and Rubric Collection
    WebQuest Rubric Template and Rubric Collection can be found at this site produced by Education Service Center Region 20 (San AntonioTX) and teachers in that region.The site features rubrics to evaluate student products created as a result of webquests. Some are based on the excellent rubric template found at the Rubric Collection web site, while the majority are based on the ingenuity and creativity of teachers.http://www.esc20.net/etprojects/rubrics/Default.htm.
  • What's that stuff?
    Grades: 4 - 12. Synopsis: Warning: After reading this web site, you might not ever be able to enjoy Cheez Whiz on your broccoli again.
  • With an Even Hand: Brown v. Board at Fifty
    Presents more than 80 photos, letters and newspapers manuscripts, maps, music, & films related to the Supreme Court's 1954 decision that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." The online exhibit is organized in three parts: previous court cases that laid the ground work for the decision, the argument underpinning the ruling & the public's initial response, & the aftermath. (LOC) .
  • Witness & Response: September 11 Acquisitions
    Witness & Response: September 11 Acquisitions presents photos, prints, eye-witness accounts, headlines,books, magazines, songs, maps, & videotapes related to September 11, 2001. Photos of ground zero taken during & after the attacks by news photographers in New York City are included, as are press reactions from around the world.
  • Women of the Century: 100 Years of American Heroes
    Women of the Century: 100 Years of American Heroes. An annotated list of more than four dozen phenomenal American women of the twentieth century "who left an indelible mark on our nation." Browse decade by decade or in categories of activists, reformers, politics and government, arts, media, space and science, sports, and exploration.
  • World Treasures of the Library of Congress: Beginnings
    The international collections of the Library of Congress started with the arrival of the Thomas Jefferson library in 1815. Today the Library's international collections are unparalleled; they are comprehensive in scope and include research materials in more than 460 languages and in many media.